THIS VOLUME, the fourteenth of what is to constitute the revised 
 complete edition of Hazrat Inayat Khan's works on the philosophy, theory and 
 practice of mysticism, is also the third appearing under the new serial heading 
 of A Sufi Message of Spiritual Liberty. Adopting the title Hazrat Inayat 
 Khan himself gave to his first publication, this series is intended gradually 
 to replace the by now familiar one, published from 1960 as The Sufi Message 
 of Hazrat Inayat Khan. 
 The editorial motives for continuing and revising the publication of the complete 
 edition have been explained at length in the Preface to Volume VIII. Beyond 
 recalling that the present series aims at the completion of the entire corpus 
 of Inayat Khan's teachings, and intends to maintain its distinctive oral character, 
 there is little reason to expound these motives anew. Suffice it to say that 
 the new volumes VIII and XIV jointly represent a much expanded version of Sufi 
 Teachings, the eighth volume in the earlier series. 
 However, a section of that earlier volume VIII, containing introductory chapters 
 on the history, nature and aim of Sufism and the Sufis, is still retained for 
 inclusion in a subsequent volume, just as some individual lectures on other 
 subjects which in the opinion of the editors seem to be more at home elsewhere. 
 
 Some subjects now appear under a different - mostly their original - title, 
 while a very limited number of chapters had to be left out altogether, as they 
 were compiled from two or more different sources, or derived from an uncertain 
 origin. 
 Some of Inayat Khan's earlier sayings and expressions, conserved in the form 
 of fragments, were compiled by his first disciples and with his consent reconstructed 
 as articles. In later times- from 1921/22 onward- his lectures and talks were 
 accurately and completely noted down and conserved. The present edition renders 
 these in their entirety. Different items compiled in chapters of the first edition 
 of Sufi Teachings are nowas far as they could be retraced to their origin- published 
 separately as ideas, aphorisms and answers to questions. (See for instance the 
 chapters "Love", "Justice and Forgiveness", "Conscience" 
 and "Pairs of Opposites"). More detailed information on this subject 
 is obtainable from the publisher or from the General Secretariat of the Sufi 
 Movement: Anna Paulownastraat 78, 2518 BJ The Hague, Netherlands. 
 Like its predecessors, the present volume contains discourses and teachings 
 given at different times and places, rather than a series of lectures on a single 
 theme. However, in their choice of the published material the editors have endeavoured 
 now to include lectures which throw a further light on a given subject, sometimes 
 providing a more extensive explanation, sometimes treating the same topic from 
 different points of view. The list of documents at the end of the book contains 
 further relevant information. 
 Hazrat Inayat Khan considered a faithful rendition of his words essential in 
 order to explain his teachings fully. Truth, according to him, is what cannot 
 be put into words. No system could encompass the truth which to the Sufi is 
 the same as God. Yet his whole work consists in giving this truth to the world, 
 to be discovered in all its different aspects, as the various facets of a diamond. 
 
 In the chapters of these Sufi' Teachings Hazrat Inayat Khan shows his constant 
 desire to instruct and enlighten humanity, guiding it towards a better knowledge 
 and understanding of the world's many problems and of life's endless difficulties. 
 BY FOREHEAD is meant man's expression. The smiling forehead is the pleasant 
 expression; it depends solely upon man's attitude to life. Life is the same 
 for the saint and for Satan, and if men are different it is because of their 
 outlook on life. The same life is turned by the one into heaven and by the other 
 into hell. There are two attitudes: to one all is wrong, to the other all is 
 right. Our life in the world from morning to evening is full of experiences, 
 good and bad, which can be distinguished according to their degree. And the 
 more we study the mystery of good and bad the more we see that there really 
 is no such thing as good and bad. It is because of our attitude and the conditions 
 that things seem good or bad. It is easy for an ordinary person to say what 
 is good or bad, just or unjust - it is very difficult for a wise man. Although 
 everyone, according to his outlook on life, turns things from bad to good and 
 from good to bad, everyone has his own grade of evolution and reasons accordingly. 
 
 Sometimes one thing is subtler than others and then it is difficult to judge. 
 There was a time when Wagner 's music was not understood, and another time when 
 he was considered the greatest of musicians. Sometimes things are good, but 
 our own evolution makes them less good for us. What we considered good a few 
 years ago may not seem good at a later degree of evolution. At one time a child 
 appreciates a doll most, later it will prefer the work of great sculptors. This 
 proves that at every step and degree of evolution man's idea of good and bad 
 changes. Therefore a thinker will understand that there is no such thing as 
 right or wrong. If there is wrong, all is wrong; if there is right, all is right. 
 
 No doubt there is a phase when man is a slave of what he has himself made right 
 or wrong, and there is another phase in which he is master. This mastery comes 
 from his realization of the fact that right and wrong are made by his own attitude 
 to life, and then right and wrong, good and bad, will be his slaves, because 
 he knows that it is in his power to turn the one into the other. It is this 
 attitude that the ancient Sufis called mantiq (i.e. logic). 
 This opens the door to another mystery of life which shows that as there is 
 duality in each thing so there is duality in every action: in everything that 
 is just something unjust is hidden, in everything that is bad something good. 
 Then one begins to see how the world takes all men's actions: one person sees 
 only the good, another only the bad. In Sufi terms this particular attitude 
 is called hairat, bewilderment. And just as to the average man moving 
 pictures, theatres, bazars are interesting, so to the Sufi the whole of life 
 is interesting, a constant vision of bewilderment. He cannot explain this to 
 the world because there are no words to explain it. 
 Can one compare any joy to that of taking things quietly, patiently and easily? 
 All other joys come from outward sources, but this happiness is one's own property. 
 When a person arrives at this feeling it expresses itself not in words, but 
 in the "smiling forehead". 
 There is another side to this subject: man is pleased to see the one he loves, 
 admires and respects, and if he frowns at someone it is because it is someone 
 he does not admire or respect. Love is the divine essence in man and is due 
 to God alone. Love for man is a lesson, it is a first step forward to the love 
 of God. 
 In human love one begins to see the way to divine love, as the lesson of domestic 
 life is learned by a little girl playing with her dolls. One learns this lesson 
 by loving one person, a friend, a beloved, a father, mother, brother, sister, 
 or teacher, but the use of love becomes wrong when that love is constantly developing 
 for one only and not spreading. The water of a pond may turn bad, but the water 
 of a river remains pure because it is progressing. By sincerely loving one person 
 therefore one rears the plant of love and makes it grow and spread. Love has 
 done its work when man has become all love -his atmosphere, his expression, 
 every movement he makes. And how can such a man love one and refuse another? 
 Such a countenance, such a presence becomes a blessing.
 In the East, when we speak of saints or sages, it is not because of their miracles, 
 it is because of their presence and their countenance which radiate vibrations 
 of love. How does this love express itself? In tolerance, in forgiveness, in 
 respect, in overlooking the faults of others. Their sympathy covers the defects 
 of others as if they were their own; they forget their own interest in the interest 
 of others. They do not mind what conditions they are in; be they high or humble, 
 their foreheads are smiling. To their eyes everyone is the expression of the 
 Beloved, whose name they repeat. They see the divine in all forms and in all 
 beings. 
 Just as the religious person has a religious attitude in a temple, so the Sufi 
 has that attitude before every being, for to him every being is the temple of 
 the divine. Therefore the Sufi is always before his Lord. Whether a servant, 
 a master, a friend, or a foe is before him, he is in the presence of God. For 
 the one whose God is in the high heavens there is a vast gulf between him and 
 God, but the one who has God always before him - he is always in God's presence, 
 and there is no end to his happiness. 
 The idea of the Sufi is that however religious a person may be, without love 
 he is nothing. It is the same with one who has studied thousands of books; without 
 love he has learned nothing. Love is not in a claim of love; when love is born 
 one hears its voice louder than the voice of man. Love needs no words; they 
 are too inadequate to express it. In what little way love can express itself, 
 it is in what the Persians call "the laughing forehead". 
THERE ARE people who look at life through their brain, their head, 
 and there are others who look at life through their heart. Between these two 
 points of view there is a vast difference; so much difference that something 
 that one person can see on the earth the other sees in heaven, something that 
 one sees as small the other sees as great, of something that one sees as limited 
 the other sees the unlimitedness. These two persons become opposite poles; it 
 is as if one is looking at the sky, the other at the earth. 
 No one will admit that he looks at things with his head; everyone will say, 
 "I look at life with my heart". If he knew what it is to look at life 
 from the heart, the best person in the world would say, "I have not yet 
 learned to look at life from the heart. I would like to know how to do it, I 
 would like to learn it". 
 One might say that emotional and devotional people are flying in the clouds, 
 while others with their reason and logic are standing on the earth. Yes, it 
 is true. But angels ride on clouds; if the soul has the angelic quality the 
 clouds are its sphere, not the earth. Now one may ask, "Where is the place 
 for practicality in life?" Yes, but what one calls practical in everyday 
 life and one is very careful about -what is it, how long does it last, what 
 is it worth? No doubt it is true that man is born on earth to bear the weight 
 of his physical body and with it its needs: a roof over his head and a piece 
 of bread to sustain him. If that is all there is to think about, man makes a 
 great mistake if he devotes all his life to what he calls practicality, practical 
 life, and never thinks of the heavenly treasure that is hidden in the heart 
 of man. 
 The heart of man can be likened to water. Either it is frozen and then it is 
 snow, or it is water and then it is liquid. When it is frozen it has turned 
 into a crystal; when it is liquid it is in running order, and it is natural 
 for water to be running. 
 Then there are two principal kinds of water: salt water and sweet water. The 
 sea which is quite contented in itself, indifferent to everything else, has 
 salt water because it is independent of anything else. It gives health, happiness 
 and pleasure to those who walk along it, because it represents perfection. It 
 asks nothing from anyone, it rises and falls within itself, it is independent, 
 it is immense. In that way it shows perfection. But with that independent perfection 
 its water is not sweet, and the ascetic who has closed his heart, with the perfection 
 of God and with the realization of truth is like the sea, independent, indifferent 
 to all things. His presence heals people, his contact gives them joy, gives 
 them peace, and yet his personality is uninteresting: the water of the sea is 
 salt water. 
 When the sea is calm it is a pleasure to travel on it, and when the sea is rough 
 there is no worse illness than seasickness. So is the powerful mind, the mind 
 of a soul that has touched perfection: it is with tranquillity, calmness and 
 peace that this mind gives everyone a way into it, as the sea lays itself with 
 open heart before those who journey on it. Ships and boats pass through it, 
 those who journey enjoy their travelling. But when the sea is disturbed by the 
 wind, by storm, it is perfect in its annoyance, it can shake boats and steamers. 
 And so the mind of the sage can have an effect upon all things in nature; it 
 can cause volcanic eruptions, it can cause disasters, revolutions, all manner 
 of things once its tranquillity is disturbed. Knowing this nature of the sage's 
 heart and knowing the great powers that a man who has touched divine perfection 
 possesses, people in the East regard closely the pleasure and displeasure of 
 the sage. They think that to annoy a sage is like annoying the whole of nature, 
 to disturb his tranquillity means to shake the whole universe. A storm in the 
 sea is a very small thing, whereas the heart that has touched perfection, if 
 once upset, can upset the whole universe. 
 The water of the river is sweet. It is sweet because it is attracted to the 
 sea, it is longing to reach the sea. The river represents the loving quality, 
 a quality that is seeking for the object it loves. A heart that loves God and 
 His perfection is likened to the river that seeks the sea. It is therefore that 
 the personality of the seeker is more pleasant than the personality of the one 
 who is contented with what he knows. There is little danger in travelling on 
 the river, there is great joy in swimming in the river, and there is a fine 
 scenery along it to look at. So it is with the personality which is like the 
 river: that running of the feeling of sympathy, that continual running, means 
 a living sympathy. The river helps the trees and plants and the earth along 
 it. So does the kind, sympathetic person whose feeling is liquid: everywhere 
 he goes he takes with him that influence which nourishes, which helps souls 
 to flourish and to progress. 
 Then one sometimes sees a little stream. It runs, it is not a river, it is a 
 small little stream running, and it is even more beautiful to look at for it 
 expresses modesty, it expresses fineness of character, it expresses purity. 
 For always the water of a little stream is pure. It expresses the nature of 
 an innocent heart, the heart that cannot be prevented from being sympathetic, 
 from being loving, by any experience of the world which makes water turn bitter. 
 The bitter experience has not touched it, and it is pure and clear. It inspires 
 poets, it uplifts a composer, it quenches the thirst of the thirsty one, it 
 is an ideal spot for a painter to paint. With its modesty it has purity and 
 with its purity it has life. 
 There is also the water of a little pool. It is sometimes muddy, sometimes dirty. 
 Why? Because of its narrowness, because it is small. In the same way the narrowness 
 of the heart has always mud in it. ,Because it is narrow and because it is not 
 deep enough, all the elements of the earth enter it and take away its purity. 
 
 Then there is the water of a large pool, where water-lilies grow, where little 
 fishes swim, where the sun is reflected and the moonlight produces a beautiful 
 vision, where one would like to sit and look at it because it expresses to everyone 
 that sees it the liquid nature of the heart, the heart that is not frozen, the 
 heart that is like water. It is still, it is calm, it can make one's heart tranquil 
 to sit by its side. One can see one's reflection in it, for it is calm, it is 
 tranquil. 
 The water of the spring is most healing and most inspiring because it comes 
 from above and falls on to the earth; that is the character of the inspirational 
 mind. The heart that, like a spring, pours out water in the form of inspiration 
 - be it in poetry, be it in music, in whatever form - has beauty, it has a healing 
 quality, it can take away all the worries, anxieties, difficulties and troubles 
 of those who come to it. Like the water of the spring it not only inspires but 
 it heals. Then there is a fountain that rises and falls in so many drops. It 
 is man-made as the personality also is man-made. When man has made a personality, 
 then the feeling that rises from the heart through that personality is like 
 the fountain: each drop falling from it comes in the form of a virtue. 
 The water that rises from the sea towards the sky in the form of vapour represents 
 the aspiration of the heart. The heart that aspires upward, that wishes to reach 
 upward, that heart shows the quality of vapour. It is the heart of the devotee, 
 of the seeker, the heart of the one who is always conscientiously seeking the 
 higher ideal, touching the higher principles. In the form of clouds that heart 
 of aspiration forms itself and pours down just like the rain, bringing celestial 
 beauty in the form of art, poetry or music, or of anything that is good and 
 beautiful. 
 There are hearts that have been impregnated with fire for a long, long time; 
 there comes a sulphury water from them, purifying and healing. The heart has 
 gone through fire, it has gone through suffering and therefore it can heal those 
 who suffer. 
 There are hearts with many different qualities, like water may contain different 
 chemical substances: those who have suffered, those who have gone through the 
 test of patience, those who have contemplated. These hearts all represent one 
 or the other kind of the water that heals and so do the personalities. Persons 
 who have had deep experiences of any kind - of suffering, of agony, of love, 
 of hate, of solitude, of association, of success, of failure - all have a particular 
 quality, a quality which has a particular use for others. 
 Knowing this we will come to this conclusion: "Whatever has been my life's 
 destiny, my heart through sorrow or pain, through joy or pleasure, has prepared 
 a chemical substance that serves a certain purpose for humanity. And I can only 
 give that chemical substance for the use of humanity if I can keep my heart 
 awake and open". Once the heart is closed, once it is frozen, once it has 
 turned from a warm heart into a stone, the person is no longer living. It does 
 not matter what he has gone through, for even the worst poison can be of some 
 use. There is no person therefore, however wicked, who is of no use, if only 
 he knows that there is one condition for being useful to humanity, and that 
 is to keep the heart open. 
 Now coming to spiritual attainment: this is something that we can never absorb 
 through the head; it can only be received through the heart. Let two persons 
 listen to the teachings of a teacher, one with his heart and the other with 
 his head. The latter will think, "Is it so, or is it not so? And how is 
 it, if it is so? How can it be, and if it is, why is it?" And there is 
 never an end to the "why". The other person will listen with his heart; 
 both logic and reason are at his disposal, but they do not trouble him. His 
 heart is open, he listens to it and the quality of the heart is such that whatever 
 falls upon an open heart becomes instantly revealed. When one says, "I 
 cannot understand you", it is just like saying, "I have closed my 
 heart to you"; there is no other reason for not understanding. And when 
 one says, "I have understood it all", it means the heart was open; 
 that is why one has understood. 
 Understanding, therefore, does not depend upon the head, it depends upon the 
 heart. By the help of the head one can make things more clear, they become intelligible, 
 one can express them better, but understanding must begin to come from the heart, 
 not from the head. Besides, with his head a person says, "Yes, it must 
 be so because I think so", but with his heart he says, "it is so because 
 I believe it to be so". That is the difference: in one person there is 
 doubt, in the other conviction. 
 In an Eastern language there is a word which is very difficult to translate: 
 iman. It is not exactly faith or belief; the nearest word one can find for it 
 is conviction, a conviction that cannot be changed by anything, a conviction 
 that does not come from outside. One always seeks for conviction, one asks, 
 "Will anybody convince me, will this thing convince me?" Nothing convinces, 
 nobody convinces. Conviction is something that comes from one's own heart and 
 it stands above faith and belief, for belief is the beginning of the same thing 
 of which faith is the development and conviction the culmination. 
 What is spiritual attainment? Spiritual attainment is conviction. A man may 
 think, "Perhaps it is so"; he may think about the best doctrine or 
 about the highest idea that there is, and he will think, "it is so - perhaps". 
 But there is "perhaps" attached to it. Then there is another person 
 who cannot use the word "perhaps" because he does not think about 
 it; he cannot say, "It may be so" when he knows that it is so. When 
 a person arrives at the stage where the knowledge of reality becomes his conviction, 
 then there is nothing in the world that will change it. If there is anything 
 to attain to, it is that conviction which one can never find in the world outside; 
 it must rise from the depth of one's own heart.
The scientists say that the body is formed around the heart; from 
 the mystical point of view it is symbolical that the personality is formed around 
 the heart. For a materialist the heart is a piece of flesh hidden in the breast; 
 for the mystic the heart is the centre around which the personality is formed. 
 Consciously or unconsciously man loves to hear the word "heart" and 
 if we asked a poet to leave the word "heart" out of his poems he would 
 never succeed to satisfy himself or others. Few people think about it and yet 
 almost all poets who have appealed to humanity have used the word "heart" 
 most. For what is man? Man is his heart. And what is heart? Heart is man: a 
 dead heart - a dead man, a living heart - a living man. 
 People look for phenomena, for something wonderful, something surprising, something 
 that amuses them. If only they knew that the greatest surprise and wonder can 
 be found in their own heart. If there is anything that can tune man to a higher 
 pitch or to a lower pitch, that can loosen the strings of his soul or tune them 
 to the right note - it can only be done by the tuning of the heart. The one 
 who has not reached his heart cannot reach God, and the one who has not reached 
 the heart of his fellowman has not reached him. People may become friends, they 
 may become acquaintances, relations, they may become connected through industry, 
 political friendship, partnership in business or any collaboration, and yet 
 they may be separated. Nearness in space does not bring the nearness of real 
 friendship. There is only one way of coming near to one another and that is 
 by way of the heart. 
 If there is anything most wonderful in heaven or on earth it is the heart. If 
 there is anywhere a phenomenon, a miracle to be found it is in the heart. When 
 God Himself is to be found in the heart what else is there that is not in it? 
 As the Nizam of Hyderabad, the mystic poet, 1 said, "They 
 speak of the largeness of the sea, the largeness of the ocean, the largeness 
 of the land - if only they knew how large is the heart that accommodates them 
 all!" The greatness of man, the smallness of man does not depend upon outer 
 things. Be he rich or poor, whatever be his position in life, whatever his rank, 
 if his heart is not great he cannot be great. And no matter what be his circumstances, 
 if the heart is still great it remains great. It is the heart that makes man 
 great or small. 
 One may see hearts of different qualities: there is a golden heart, a silver 
 heart, a copper heart and there is an iron heart. The golden heart shows its 
 colour and its beauty; it is precious and at the same time it is soft. The silver 
 heart shows itself inferior compared to the golden heart; yet it is of silver 
 that the current coins are made, so it is useful. There is the heart of copper 
 of which pennies are made, and pennies are useful in everyday life; one has 
 to use them more than gold and silver. Copper is hard and strong; it needs many 
 hammerings to bend and shape it, to make something out of it. And then there 
 is the iron heart which must be put into the fire before one can do anything 
 with it. When in the glowing fire the iron has become hot then one can make 
 something out of it. But how long does the heat of the fire last with it? A 
 very short time! The blacksmith must be always ready; as soon as the fire begins 
 to glow he must make something of it, for if he lets the moment go the iron 
 will turn cold. 
 Besides these different aspects there is a heart of rock, and there is a heart 
 of wax. The heart of rock must be broken, it must be cut in order to make something 
 out of it; nothing reaches it, cold or heat, sun or water have little effect 
 upon it. The heart of wax melts as soon as it is heated. You can shape it without 
 breaking it; it is soft, you can turn it any way you like. There is also the 
 heart of paper you make a kite with. It flies and goes up; if the wind is in 
 the north it goes to the north, if the wind is in the south it goes to the south. 
 You can control it as long as the wind does not blow it out of your hands and 
 as long as the wind is strong enough to hold it in the sky. But when there is 
 no more wind it will drop down, and so you will try it again -like a kite. 
 Are these sufficient examples for the heart of man? There are numberless hearts, 
 each different in quality, and once we begin to look at them and to distinguish 
 their peculiarities and qualities we begin to see a living phenomenon, a miracle, 
 every moment of our life. Is there anything we can compare the heart with? It 
 is something that dies and then lives again, something that is torn and can 
 be mended again, something that can be broken and be made whole again, something 
 that can rise and something that can fall, and after falling can rise again, 
 and after rising can fall instantly if it was to fall. There is a heart that 
 can creep and a heart that can walk; there is a heart that can run and a heart 
 that can fly. We cannot limit the various actions of the heart. 
 Imagine how the heart can be illuminated in a moment and how it can be darkened 
 in a moment, how the heart becomes a maze for us to enter without ever being 
 able to get out again, how it can become confusion and how it can become paradise. 
 If one asked: Where is the soul? Where can we see the soul manifest to view? 
 Where is paradise? Where is heaven? Where is joy and pleasure? If one asked: 
 Where is love? Where is God? We can answer each of these questions by saying: 
 it is in the heart. 
 Imagine how wonderful and at the same time how obscure to our view! If we call 
 the heart the spark of fire then we can see its different aspects: as sympathy 
 in the form of heat, as longing in the form of fire, as affection in the form 
 of glow, as devotion in the form of flame, as passion in the form of smoke that 
 blinds the eyes. 
 That which gives courage to stand firm in the battlefield, that which enables 
 man to struggle throughout his life, that which gives him the strength to endure 
 all that comes and strengthens him to have patience - what is it? It is the 
 heart. If the heart fails, man falls, if the heart rises, man rises. 
 When the heart is directed towards one ideal, one object, one point, it develops, 
 but when the heart goes from one point to another it is weakened, for then the 
 fire element of the heart dies. For instance, a little spark can be brought 
 to a blaze if one blows upon it, but the flame is put out by the wind. 
 Why? Because blowing directs the air to one single spark, but the wind goes 
 all around it and extinguishes the flame. 
 When man begins to say, "I love everybody", you can be sure he loves 
 nobody. But when he says, "I love my mother, my father, my son, my daughter, 
 my friend, or my beloved, then you can believe that he has taken his first step 
 on the path of love. Can anyone in the world claim love and at the same time 
 know love? The moment one knows what love is one loses the claim. One can only 
 say, "I love", as long as one does not know what it is. Before saying, 
 "I love", one must first show it by jumping into the fire. As Amir 
 Minai, the great Hindustani poet, says, "Your first initiation in the order 
 of lovers is to become nothing". And another poet says, "Oh love! 
 You have taught me that lesson first which many others learn at the end". 
 
 When a person says, "If you will be good to me, I will be good to you; 
 if you will be kind to me, I will be kind to you; if you will be nice to me, 
 I will be nice to you; if you will respect me, I will honour you" - it 
 is like saying, "if you will give me ninepence, I will give you a shilling"; 
 it is business. When a person says, "I wish there was somebody who loved 
 me, a friend, someone!", he is very mistaken. He will never be loved; he 
 may wait for eternity. Love never asks love of someone else; love is more independent 
 than anything else. It is love which makes one independent. 
 There is love that is like an infant. It must be taken in the arms, it cannot 
 stand; if it is not taken in the arms it cries. It is not mature, it is not 
 developed, it is not yet love. There is love which is like a wobbling child 
 that has not yet learned to walk. It likes to walk but it likes to hold the 
 cupboard, the chair, the table, someone else, in order to go so far. That love 
 too is undeveloped. Then there is love that stands on its own feet and walks 
 by itself. That is independent love, and you can depend upon it.
 Love shows its quality by constancy. Where there is no constancy there is no 
 love. People have wrongly understood the meaning of love; very often they do 
 not know it. The real meaning of love is life itself, the feeling of life, the 
 feeling: I live. That feeling itself is love. So what is love? Love is God. 
 And what is God? God is love. 
 As long as one is involved in selfish thoughts and actions in life one does 
 not understand the meaning of love. Love is sacrifice, love is service, love 
 is regard for the pleasure and displeasure of the beloved. That love, once it 
 is understood, can be seen in all the different aspects of life: love for those 
 who depend upon one, for those with whom one comes in contact in one's everyday 
 life, love for those of one's country, of one's race, for humanity. It can expand 
 even to such an extent that there can be love for every little creature in the 
 world, for the smallest insect. This expansion is like a drop of water expanding 
 into an ocean. Man - limited as he is-the more he sympathizes the more he expands 
 and the further he reaches heavenward: thus he can become as great as the Absolute. 
 
 Therefore, instead of teaching the lesson of indifference, as many mystics have 
 done, the Sufis have learned the lesson of love, of devotion, of sympathy, and 
 have called it the cultivation of the heart. It is known by the word suluk, 
 which means the loving manner. What we call refined manner is only a manner 
 behind which there is no life. When manner is directed by the heart quality 
 then it becomes living manner, the manner that comes from love, and all such 
 attributes as kindness, gentleness, tolerance, forgiveness, mercy and compassion 
 - they all spring from this loving manner. 
 The great teachers and prophets, and the inspirers of humanity of all times 
 have not become what they were by their miracles or wonder-workings; these belong 
 to other people. The main thing that could be seen in them was their loving 
 manner. Read the lives of the prophets. First of all see the way Jesus Christ 
 had with all those who came to him. When sinners who were condemned and expelled 
 by society were brought to the master, he received them with compassion. He 
 was not on the side of those who accused them, he was on the side of the accused. 
 That was loving manner. The fishermen (the first disciplies of Jesus Christ.) 
 could never understand the master-even the most educated men would not have 
 understood him, let alone the fishermen. Yet the master lived with them, moved 
 with them and won their hearts in the end. That is loving manner.
 Think of the Prophet whose beloved daughter was killed by an Arab, and when 
 this man was brought before him and said, "Will you forgive me?" the 
 Prophet forgave him. When his worst enemies were brought before him in rows, 
 arrested, waiting his command, he was king, conqueror and judge, the one who 
 could do anything he liked to them. When they asked, "What are you going 
 to do with us, Prophet?" he said, "You are my brothers. God may forgive 
 you. I pray for you". 
 The compassion of Buddha went to every living creature, to the smallest insect; 
 this shows the expansion of his love. Remember therefore that for higher attainment 
 on the spiritual path study is secondary; all knowledge of occult and psychic 
 law, all magical powers, are secondary. The first and most important principle 
 is the cultivation of the heart quality. 
 One may ask: How to cultivate the heart quality? There is only one way: to become 
 selfless at each step one takes forward on this path, for what prevents one 
 from cultivating the loving quality is the thought of self. The more we think 
 of our self the less we think of others, and as we go further the self grows 
 to become worse and worse. In the end the self meets us as a giant which we 
 had always fought; and now at the end of the journey the giant is the stronger. 
 But if from the first step we take on the path of perfection we struggled and 
 fought and conquered this giant which is the self, it could be done only by 
 the increasing power of love. 
 What do I mean by love? It is such a word that one cannot give one meaning. 
 All attributes like kindness, gentleness, goodness, humbleness, mildness, fineness, 
 are names of one and the same thing. Love therefore is that stream which when 
 it rises falls in the form of a fountain, and each stream coming down is a virtue. 
 All virtues taught by books or by a religious person have no strength and life 
 because they have been learned; a virtue that is learned has no power, no life. 
 The virtue that naturally springs from the depth of the heart, the virtue that 
 rises from the love-spring and then falls as many different attributes, that 
 virtue is real. There is a Hindustani saying, "No matter how much wealth 
 you have, if you do not have the treasure of virtue, it is of no use". 
 The true riches is the ever increasing spring of love from which all virtues 
 come.
THE LENGTH of his heart man shows by his tolerance. The width of his heart 
 man shows by his endurance.
 The height of his heart man shows by his power of understanding.
 The depth of his heart man shows by the capacity of assimilating all.
The heart of man is the shrine of God.
 Take care when you touch it lest you may hurt the Unseen Dweller within.
Never hurt human feelings in thought, word or deed. The human heart is so delicate; 
 it is like a fine tissue.
 Once there is a tear in the tissue you can repair it - yet the tear remains.
 And so it is with the human heart; once there is a tear in it, it can never 
 be healed.
When God's divine love rises as a wave, it washes away the sins of the whole life in a moment, for law has no power to stand before love: the stream of love sweeps it away.
When we find faults and see no excuse, we are blind to the light which can free a person from his faults and give rise to that forgiveness which is the very essence of God - to be found in the human heart.
The very thought of the love of God fills the heart with joy and makes it light of its burden.
The heart in its depth is linked up with the divine Mind; so in the depth of the heart there is greater justice than on the surface.
The brain may be said to be the seat of the intelligence and the heart to be the throne of wisdom.
As the heart expands so the horizon becomes wider, and one finds greater and greater scope in which to build the kingdom of God.
Man's heart is like a piece of ground; you may sow anything in it and rear 
 it.
 When the fruit comes, then man knows whether it was a sweet fruit or a poison.
The heart, when it is not living and making its life a life of love, feels out of place, and all the discomfort of life comes from this.
My respondent heart be still-be still and listen to the consoling voice of God.
THERE ARE four paths by which man can attain to his highest goal. One is for 
 the intellectual, the intelligent. By studying himself and the world, by understanding 
 what he is, whence he has come and where he will ultimately go, man attains 
 to perfection.
 The second path is the way of abstinence. Those who follow this way detach themselves 
 from all things in life; they renounce all the pleasures and comforts of life. 
 They have no friendship, no attachment for anyone; they withstand all natural 
 tendencies and inclinations. Those who have been in India may have seen some 
 followers of this path, sometimes among the crowd, their body covered with ashes, 
 sometimes in the solitude remote from all: by this their psychic power becomes 
 very great.
 The third way is that of those who live the life of the world and by their righteousness, 
 by their piety become as a saint, a sage.
 The fourth way is the path of love, of devotion. The whole universe has been 
 made through love. The intelligence itself in the next step towards evolution 
 has become love. It is love that has directed the Intelligence; if not, the 
 intelligence would be spread all over, not directed in any direction in particular. 
 All that is done in the world is done by love. One could not study the flower 
 on the mantelpiece if love did not direct the intelligence towards the flower, 
 to admire it and to know what it is. Therefore the mystics have understood that 
 this power of love that has brought all into manifestation must be able to lead 
 back from the seen world to the unseen.
 Love is the sign of intelligence. Where there is no intelligence there is no 
 love. Rocks have no intelligence and there is no love in them. Plants and trees 
 have awakened to life and show some attachment. If we have a plant and care 
 for it, it will respond to our care and flourish. Animals have more intelligence 
 and show much affection and attachment. Pet animals in the house grow to have 
 much affection and sympathy for their master; they are happy in his joy and 
 become sad in his sorrow. Horses too show much affection. It is told that the 
 horse of an Arab who had been wounded in battle stayed beside him for three 
 days and nights, until his comrades came and rescued him. Man has the most intelligence, 
 and he has the most love in his nature.
 Someone may say, "But animals are cruel also". So is man. Is man not 
 far more cruel than the animals?
 There are three sorts of mystics: Yogis, Buddhists and Sufis, 2 
 and most of these have chosen the path of devotion, because it has beauty and 
 gives a satisfaction that nothing else can give. Sufis may take the way of renunciation, 
 the way of wisdom, but most of them have especially chosen this path of devotion.
 Devotion is like fire, it has a magnetism, a warmth like fire. When the atmosphere 
 is so cold that our body is chilled, we like to turn to the fire and draw near 
 to it. In this cold world where nothing but cold and selfish hearts are all 
 about us, each person caring only for himself, where there is a heart that has 
 love in it, it has such a warmth, such a radiance that all are drawn to it, 
 all want to be near it. He who works through the intellect may have a little 
 intellectual attraction satisfying the desire of the mind for a little explanation 
 of things. I have travelled for eight years all over India and have been in 
 remote and inaccessible places where there was danger of robbers. I travelled 
 to see the sages and mystics, and I have seen what charm had the atmosphere 
 of those who were devotees, what fragrance had their presence.
 We all know love to some small extent. There are many who have begun to love 
 and then say, "I loved someone, but the one I loved did not prove to be 
 my ideal". They are disappointed, they cast love aside and by doing so 
 they cast aside the only thing that could lead them towards God, they break 
 off the bridge that could unite them with God. Love is the only thing that takes 
 away the selfishness which is the only barrier between man and God. Love alone 
 illuminates the heart. The heart is in the centre of the being. When it is illumined 
 the whole being becomes light; when it is dark the whole being is in darkness. 
 The soul has its light, because the soul is light, but it cannot give its light 
 to the external being if the heart that is between them is darkened, nor can 
 the body give its experiences to the soul.
 Then there are disappointed people who say, "There is nothing on earth 
 worth loving". Of course it is true because the soul which is from God 
 is perfect as He is perfect and seeks perfection. Man does not wish to prove 
 himself perfect, but he seeks perfection in another. That perfection is only 
 in God, the Unlimited, but man seeks it in the human being, in the limited being 
 full of faults and imperfections.
 Now you may ask, "How can we love God whom we do not see, whom we have 
 never known?" You cannot love God only because it has been said in ancient 
 times that there is a God and that we should love Him, or because it is written 
 in a book. If someone says that you should love God because he is the Creator, 
 you cannot praise Him as Creator; for we have always seen that the piano is 
 created by the piano manufacturer and Pears' soap is created by Mr. Pears, and 
 we know that the carpenter creates the chair and the table. A person once said 
 to me, "I have a horror of the idea of God. When I think that God may suddenly 
 seize me and call me to account for everything I have done, I have a horror. 
 I have quite enough to interest me here. I do not want to think of God". 
 I was rather amused and I could not blame him. The mistake is that the ideal 
 of God is given before idealism is developed.
 A child wishes to give its doll a piano, a chair, a table, all kinds of things, 
 and so much ado is made about the doll. When the child has grown up it has perhaps 
 forgotten the doll. If the child has accomplished anything by this, if it has 
 achieved anything in life, it is that idealism has been learned. One should 
 have the ideal of devotion which one admires, to which one aspires, which appeals 
 to one's own degree of evolution. If a person wishes to raise himself, to be 
 powerful in the world, he should think of President Wilson who has raised himself 
 from the position of a doctor to be President of the United States. If he wishes 
 to be great in politics he should think of the Prime Minister who has raised 
 himself from his small position to be Prime Minister.
 We cannot love God in heaven if we do not love man on earth. Christ taught first 
 love of our fellow-man. Enemies apart, to love our fellow-man is the first thing 
 necessary. Those who take this way have devotion and love for the Murshid, or 
 they may love a teacher, or a hero, a saint, a prophet, and that love must be 
 kept. If you say, "I have love for Buddha, but he did not believe in the 
 soul and I do not like that - and he did this and that", such is not love 
 or devotion. Keep the devotion for the ideal - with his disbelief in the soul 
 and all! From this man rises to the degree of fana-fi-rasul, devotion 
 for the unseen ideal, for the holiness, the goodness, the kindness of the being 
 whom he has not seen. It is your idealization which produces in you the ideal. 
 Buddha's body is lost in the earth long ago. You have made the Buddha.
 But all this is idolatry as long as there is not the ideal of God. As long as 
 there is devotion for the limited ideal there is idolatry and as long as man 
 has not broken away from idolatry to the unlimited ideal, he has not reached 
 his highest goal. The ideal has attracted, has drawn out your love by his holiness, 
 his goodness, his saintliness, but then love itself springs forth and is for 
 the Unlimited. Then a person will not say, "I have seen injustice in God, 
 I have seen unkindness in God". He sees and loves Him with His kindness 
 and unkindness, His power and justice and might, with all and everything and 
 nothing.
 When that is reached then this highest goal of attainment is reached; then man 
 is perfect.
Ideas- Stories -Answers to Questions -Aphorisms
TO AN angelic soul love means glorification
To a jinn soul love means admiration
To a human soul love means affection
To an animal soul love means passion.
One need not fall in love, one must rise through love.
Pour out floods of love, yet keeping your garment of detachment from being wet.
Question: Can love exceed wisdom or can wisdom exceed love? What happens 
 in either case? Is love measured according to love, or is wisdom measured according 
 to love? 
 Answer: It is true that wise is loving and loving is truly wise, although 
 in one person wisdom may be predominant and in another love. But both love and 
 wisdom are needed. The cold-hearted man is never wise, and the really warm-hearted 
 person is never foolish. Yet both these qualities, love and wisdom, are distinct 
 and separate, and it is possible that a person may be loving but lacking wisdom, 
 and it happens that a person who is wise may be lacking love to some extent. 
 But no one can be wise if love is absent from his heart - call him clever. And 
 no one will be truly loving if wisdom has not illuminated his heart, for love 
 comes from wisdom and wisdom comes from love.
It is very difficult to say what love is and how one can love. Is it embracing 
 people and running after them and saying sweet words to them? What could one 
 show when one is loving? - for every person has a different way of expressing 
 his love. One person perhaps has love hidden in his heart which does not manifest, 
 and another person's love comes out in his words and actions. The love of one 
 person rises like vapour and charges the whole atmosphere, and another person's 
 love is like a spark hidden in a stone: outside the stone is cold, inside there 
 is a spark.
 Therefore to judge who has love and who has not is not in the power of every 
 person, it is a very difficult thing. For instance love is a fire rising from 
 a cracker calling out, "I am love!", but it burns out and is finished. 
 There is also fire in the pebble which never manifests. If you hold the pebble 
 it feels cold, yet at the same time the fire is there. Some day you can strike 
 it and it is there, it is dependable, it lasts. As many people as there are, 
 so many are the different qualities of their love, and one cannot judge.
Question: Is jealousy inseparable from human love?
 Answer: It is like asking, "Is the shadow separable from the body?" 
 Where there is form there is shadow; where there is human love there is jealousy.
Love can bring out what is worst and best in man.
Love can take many forms, even that of indifference. I remember I went once 
 for a relative to the house of a physician, an Indian physician who had a very 
 ancient method of writing his prescriptions. Each took him nearly ten minutes. 
 I was shown into a small room where fifteen to twenty people were already waiting, 
 and I sat down among them. He continued to write prescriptions for all who came, 
 and when he had finished with those who were before me he began to write prescriptions 
 for those who had come after me. I had thought that the physician, as a friend 
 of the family, would have seen me first, but he went on until he had seen everyone, 
 and I was the last.
 Finally he said to me, "Now tell me what you have to say". I told 
 him, and he wrote out the prescription without any haste, and when I was leaving 
 he said, "I hope you understand that I did not want to see you while all 
 the other patients were still there. I wanted to see you at leisure". He 
 was doing me a favour, and though he tried my patience it was still a majestic 
 sort of favour. It gave me a good example of love in the form of indifference.
 With indifference one still must have sympathy and love - be more and more sensitive 
 as one evolves.
The Story of Hatim
The life of Hatim is written by the Persians and many stories are told about 
 him. One of these stories is best known by the people in the East. It tells 
 that a princess who was much renowned for her beauty and greatness had made 
 as a condition for those who loved her and desired her hand that only the one 
 who brought her a certain pearl which she longed to possess would marry her. 
 There was one lover of the princess who really loved her, but did not find the 
 way to obtain that pearl from anywhere.
 The work of Hatim was to roam about from country to country and to do what he 
 could for those who needed his services. He met this lover who, roaming about, 
 was most unhappy because he could not find the pearl. Hatim consoled him and 
 said, "Continue in your path of love, even if it be difficult, and remember 
 that I shall not rest until I have brought relief to your heart by bringing 
 you the pearl you are longing for". Hatim then went in pursuit of the pearl 
 and the story tells what difficulties he had in obtaining it. When at last he 
 got it he brought it to the palace, and the princess was won by that pearl. 
 When she consented to accept Hatim as her lover, he then said that this promise 
 should be granted to his friend, who was really her lover, while Hatim was the 
 lover of those who were in need.
 In this story the princess is God, and the pearl that she wanted is the knowledge 
 of God. There was a lover of God, but he would not go and take the trouble one 
 has to take to obtain this knowledge. Someone else was ready; his work was to 
 take this trouble to go to the depth - even if it was not for himself but for 
 another - to get the knowledge and to give it to the one who had the love to 
 have it.
 This story also explains us that there are two stages of workers. The first 
 stage is that of the one who works for himself; the higher stage of working 
 is to work for others. The one who rises above the stage of working for himself 
 comes to the stage of working for others, bringing in their lives the blessing 
 which is the need of their lives.
To what does the love of God lead? It leads to that peace and stillness which can be seen in the life of the tree which flowers and bears fruit for others and expects no return.
Peace will not come to the lover's heart so long as he will not become love itself.
Question: Why is it that with the growing of love difficulties arise 
 from all sides? Is it not said by the ancients that God is a jealous God?
 Answer: This is but a saying; God can never be jealous of His own manifestation. 
 Only before love began one was unconsciously linked with the source alone, but 
 once love has awakened on the physical plane, one is attached to someone on 
 earth. It is like Adam and Eve being exiled from the garden of Eden. This naturally 
 causes every influence to work against that love. Even the throne of God is 
 shaken by love's outburst, because by a sincere link on earth which is power 
 itself every other influence is automatically pulled and pushed, causing thereby 
 a commotion in the world of hearts.
The soul of man is happiness; yet man is never happy since he is occupied with this world of woes. It is only love that can bring about that happiness of which is spoken in legends, which is beyond all pleasures of this mortal world. Those who consciously or unconsciously see or feel that happiness experienced by the lover and the beloved, naturally either knowingly or unknowingly react against it.
Spiritual love is nectar, but as soon as it is mixed with matter, it becomes a sweet wine mixed with a bitter poison.
If we give ourselves up to the absorbing love of any being, any thing, God becomes jealous and He takes that being from us. Therefore Abraham was called upon to sacrifice his son. This lesson was given: God does not allow another affection to be dearer than His love. If we love our children because they are ours and other children are neglected, God says to us, "These are the beings whom We have given you to love, to take care of them for Us, not to cherish them for yourselves". He takes from us whatever we love most forgetting Him, in order to show us that He is the Lord of the Jalal, Jamal and Kamal. The love of all beings lasts for a season, but it is His love that is always with us, in all forms and beings.
No creature that has ever been born has belonged in reality to any other. Every soul is the beloved of God. Does not God love as we human beings cannot?3
The Maharajah of Jaipur, Ram Singh, was a great lover of music. At his court 
 were marvellous singers and dancers, they were like the Apsaras and Ghandarvas 
 (In the Hindu Pantheon these are singers and dancers at the Court of Indra). 
 From all India beautiful singers and dancers were called there; all the great 
 musicians of India were there, also my grandfather Maula Bakhsh. The Maharajah 
 did not know the secret of holding his wish. If he had known it he might have 
 kept his happiness much longer. But he did not know it, and when everything 
 was perfect he died.
 That is why in the East there is a superstition that, if any thing or being 
 belonging to us is much praised or admired, that thing or that person will soon 
 be lost to us. Therefore if someone says, "Your child is very pretty", 
 the parents will say, "No, he is not pretty, he is a plain child". 
 And if the child is fair they make a black mark upon its face, so that it would 
 not be perfectly fair.
Life provides you with a substitute for all you have lost.
Love is the fire that burns all infirmities.
Question: How do we see the love of God in the book of nature? We see 
 all around us fruits and plants and animal life brought to fruition and then 
 to destruction, and among men cruelty, misery, tragedies and enmities everywhere.
 Answer: It is a difference of focus. If we focus our mind upon all that 
 is good and beautiful we shall see - in spite of all the ugliness that exists 
 in nature and especially more pronounced in human nature - that the ugliness 
 will cover itself. We will spread a cover over it and see all that is beautiful, 
 and to whatever lacks beauty we will be able to add, taking it from all that 
 is beautiful in our heart where beauty has sufficiently been collected. But 
 if we focus our mind upon all the ugliness that exists in nature - and in human 
 nature - there will be much of it. It will take up all our attention and there 
 will come a time when we shall not be able to see any good anywhere. We shall 
 see all cruelty, ugliness, wickedness and unkindness everywhere.
Question: In focusing our mind on beauty alone, is there not a danger 
 of shutting our eyes to the ugliness and suffering we might alleviate?
 Answer: In order to help the poor we ought to be rich, and in order to 
 take away the badness of a person we ought to be so much more good. That goodness 
 must be earned, as money is earned. That earning of goodness is collecting goodness 
 wherever we find it, and if we do not focus on goodness we will not be able 
 to collect it sufficiently. What happens is that man becomes agitated by all 
 the absence of goodness he sees. Being himself poor he cannot add to it, and 
 unconsciously he develops in his own nature what he sees. He thinks, "Oh 
 poor person! I should so much like you to be good", but that does not help 
 that person. His looking at the badness, his agitation, only adds one more wicked 
 person to the lot. When one has focused one's eyes on goodness one will add 
 to beauty, but when a man's eyes are focused on what is bad he will collect 
 enough wickedness for him to be added himself to the number of the wicked in 
 the end, for he receives the same impression.
 Besides, by criticising, by judging, by looking at wickedness with contempt, 
 one does not help the wicked or the stupid person. The one who helps is he who 
 is ready to overlook, who is ready to forgive, to tolerate, to take disadvantages 
 he may have to meet with patiently. It is he who can help.
 A person who is able to help others should not hide himself but do his best 
 to come out into the world. "Raise up your light high", it is said. 
 All that is in you should be brought out, and if the conditions hinder you, 
 break through the conditions! That is the strength of life.
You are love - you come from love - you are made by love -you cannot cease to love.
Question: Is it a great lack in character when a person cannot give 
 the love which friends require? When one receives love and is not able to return 
 it, when one forgets one's friends being absorbed in one's work and occupation?
 Answer: The question is: what work or occupation? There are works and 
 occupations of a higher character which take one's whole attention, one's life. 
 Such works may require renunciation and sacrifice. Then one does not become 
 loveless; there is a duty of which one cannot be regardless. However if one 
 can manage to give and take love at the same time, it is preferable.
Question: Will a person suffer one day through inability to love -merely 
 giving a cold affection?
 Answer: Love, whether hot or cold, is love.
Question: Is there cold love?
 Answer: Since God is love the whole manifestation is love, the cold water 
 and the hot fire.
Question: By which power does man attract his food and all he needs?
 Answer: If there is any mighty power, it is the power of love. All that 
 one desires comes from love. Even if one desires food, it is the love of food, 
 and it is according to the power of his love that man will attract it. The question 
 is only: what does he love most? Does he love something more than the ordinary 
 things of life, then that must be his aim.
 Hunger is an aspect of love. Love of the heart is what we call affection. Love 
 of territory has caused many deaths. What man loves he must get. All words as 
 seeking, wanting, requiring, searching, are words for loving. Love is the root 
 of the whole phenomenon of life. Even if a poor man does not find his food, 
 you will see that there is something else he loves more.
God is love and in Him I have my being - and I have no fear.
Let my intelligence shine out as love; let my limited self expand to Thy divine perfection.
Notes:
1. The Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Maheboob Ali Khan (1866-1926) was an esteemed poet and patron of poets. The Biography of Pir-o-Murshid Inayat Khan and other literature include accounts of the Murshid's meetings with Indian monarchs and representatives of the Moghul tradition of culture and civilisation. Eventually Hazrat Inayat Khan gave up his contacts with the court in order to concentrate fully on mystical life and the tuition of his own initiator.
2. Three sorts of mystics: Yogis, Buddhists and Sufis: i.e. respectively ascetics, monastics, and mystics living life in the world rather than renouncing it.
3. These words are part of Hazrat Inayat Khan's sermon of the Burial Ceremony.